Editor's note: Two pieces about the same fire, the same community, and two opposite bets. Altadena, one of Los Angeles County's most established Black homeownership communities, burned in January 2025. One resident faces the math of leaving. Another faces the math of staying. Together they describe a single condition with no clean exit.
The Gap
Alphonso Browne lived in Altadena for forty years. His house was a 1912 craftsman, white with blue trim. It burned in the Eaton Fire. A contractor quoted him about $1.8 million to rebuild his house and add an ADU on his lot. His insurance paid around $400,000. Liberty Mutual had dropped him less than a month before the fire. His mortgage servicer placed a new policy on the property, the kind you don't choose and didn't read, and that policy is what's supposed to make him whole.
Even setting aside the ADU, the gap runs well past a million dollars. Four hundred thousand wouldn't rebuild a garden shed in that zip code. And Browne is standing at the edge of it.
He is not unusual. He is, by every available measure, ordinary. United Policyholders estimated two-thirds of fire victims were uninsured or underinsured. A survey of AAA policyholders in Altadena found average coverage of $628,000 against average contractor quotes of $928,000. The lowest bid in that survey was $906,000. Nobody's coverage was touching the floor. Jesse Albert, another homeowner, says State Farm offered him about $1.1 million. He's suing. Others are suing. The lawsuits accuse State Farm of suppressing rebuild cost estimates to keep coverage limits low, which, if you think about it for ten seconds, is the entire business model described in legal language.
So you can fight. The fight takes years. You hire a public adjuster, a lawyer, you enter a process the insurer designed the way a casino designs the floor plan. Fifteen months after the fire, just one-quarter of total-loss survivors had their claims fully approved. Nicole Wirth, facing a $300,000 gap with AAA, said what everybody in the situation already knows: "You underinsured us. Now you're making us kick and scream and do all this traumatic work."
You can sell. As of January 2026, 59% of all Altadena home purchases since the fire were made by corporate entities. One of the most active buyers is Black Lion Properties, LLC, recently confirmed to be operated by Powerball winner Edwin Castro through his brother. The company has acquired at least a dozen properties, spending nearly $9 million. Residents reported calls from developers before the smoke cleared.
Or you can sit still and wait for something to change. Seventy percent of severely fire-damaged homes in Altadena remain in limbo. No permit filed, no sale recorded. Among Black homeowners, 73%.
Before the fire, 75% of Black residents in Altadena owned their homes. Nearly double the national rate for Black households. Sixty years of community-building that started when white flight in the 1960s opened housing stock in western Altadena, in neighborhoods the government's 1939 maps had redlined as "Definitely Declining." Black families bought those houses. Paid them off. Raised children and grandchildren. The house was the savings account, the retirement plan, the inheritance. The house was the wealth.
Fifty-seven percent of Black homeowners in Altadena are over 65. In 2023, Black applicants made up 4% of home purchase applications in Altadena. Nine people out of 219. The pipeline was already broken. UCLA researchers project that even without the fire, at the pre-existing rate of decline, Altadena's Black population would drop to its 1960 level by 2040. The Black population peaked at 43% in 1980. By 2020 it was 18%. The fire knocked the minute hand off a clock that was already running down.
When the house is the generational asset, and insurance won't cover rebuilding it, and the only buyer with cash in hand is a corporate entity offering distressed-lot prices, what you're watching is a family's economic history get liquidated at pennies on the dollar. The buyer knows it. The seller knows it. The insurer who created the gap is nowhere in the room.
"To date, the only Altadena residents who are moving forward are those with wealth and those whose insurers have paid out fully." —Joy Chen, Eaton Fire Survivors Network
Three choices. Same condition. No door back.