November 16, 2024, first light, western North Carolina. Ray and his grandson are standing at the edge of a hollow Ray's been hunting since 1987, trying to decide where to set up. The kid keeps asking questions. Where will they be? Which way will they move? When should we expect them?
Ray doesn't answer because he doesn't know.
It's 64 degrees. There hasn't been a cold snap. The deer aren't where they're supposed to be, and Ray, who could tell you which draws the bucks use during the rut, which ridgelines they'll cross at dawn, how the wind patterns push them through the laurel, can't predict anything anymore.
"Used to be you could set your watch by it," he says. "First cold snap after November 10, they'd be moving through that saddle up there like clockwork."
The kid looks at the saddle, then back at Ray. "So what do we do?"
What they do is wait for weather that isn't coming.
I'm sitting in a hunting camp I've been visiting for fifteen years, watching this play out. It's a year later now as I write this, November 2025, and I keep thinking about that morning. Not because of what happened—nothing happened, that was the point—but because of what I watched dissolve between an old man and his grandson in the space of four hours.
When Knowledge Becomes Obsolete
The moment comes back at camp after a morning that produced nothing but sweat and confusion. Ray's cleaning a deer someone else brought in from a different property. He finds three ticks. Pulls them off, drops them in the fire.
"Never used to have these," he says. "Not up here."
The kid looks at him. "They've always been here, haven't they?"
"No." Ray's voice has an edge. "Twenty-five years I've been hunting this property. Never saw a tick until two years ago. Now they're on every damn deer."
He's quiet for a minute, still working. Then:
"Don't know what to tell you about next year."
The ticks themselves—a hunter in the Northeast reported the same thing: property owned over 25 years, elevation and cold winters meant no ticks, then suddenly they appeared two years ago. The broken patterns—waterfowl hunters across the region say the same: "Waterfowl hunting is nowhere what it used to be. Not enough cold fronts to push the birds down."
But I'm watching a man realize his life's expertise has become worthless. Watching his grandson learn that accumulated knowledge can evaporate in less than a decade.
Three Generations, No Answers
Ray learned from his father and uncles. Learned to read weather, predict game movements, time the seasons. Spent forty years refining that knowledge. Built a life around it.
Now he's trying to pass it on and it doesn't work and they both know it and neither one knows what to do about that.
The kid's already using GPS and satellite imagery to compensate. Ray thinks that's cheating, but he can't offer anything better. His knowledge was built on patterns that held steady for generations. The patterns don't hold anymore.
The Wildlife Resources Commission moved opening day this year from November 9 to November 16, adjusted the black-powder and gun seasons to better align with "important deer management objectives, including protecting yearling buck dispersal, deer harvest relative to timing of the rut, balancing the buck-to-doe sex ratio, and improving synchrony between breeding and fawning periods."
Very scientific. Very careful.
As if the problem is timing. As if moving opening day a week addresses what's actually happening in these woods.
The bureaucrats are optimizing for conditions that no longer exist. Ray's teaching skills that no longer work. And the kid's learning that the old knowledge is obsolete but the new knowledge doesn't exist yet.
The Second Season
I went back this fall, November 2025. Ray was there again with his grandson, now starting his third season. The patterns still don't make sense. The ticks are still there. Ray's still trying to teach, still going through the motions.
What's different is the kid stopped asking questions.
He's figured out that his grandfather doesn't have answers. He's figured out that nobody does. He's learning to hunt in a world where nothing holds steady long enough to become wisdom.
This is happening in every hunting camp and fishing association across Appalachia and New England. The elders who could predict ice conditions, read water temperatures, time everything to the week are watching their expertise evaporate. Not slowly, the way things used to change. Fast enough that they can't quite believe it.
Seventy-two percent of hunters and anglers acknowledge climate change is happening. Over a third think they have up to twenty years before it really affects their hunting and fishing.
Twenty years.
I'm watching Ray pull ticks off a deer that couldn't have survived here a decade ago, watching him fail to predict movements on property he's hunted for nearly forty years, and he probably thinks he has twenty years.
The ticks are here now. The patterns are broken now. And Ray's grandson is learning something his grandfather never had to learn: that the accumulated wisdom of generations can become trivia in less than a decade.
What Remains
Back at camp that first evening in 2024, Ray was already talking about next season. Where they'd hunt, what they'd try differently, how maybe the patterns would make sense again once the weather normalized.
This year he's quieter about it. He knows the weather isn't normalizing. He knows his grandson is learning to hunt without him, not because the kid doesn't respect the old knowledge but because the old knowledge doesn't work.
Watching someone try to pass on something that's already obsolete, both of them knowing it, both of them going through the motions anyway because what else is there.
The bureaucrats will keep adjusting the regulations. The hunters will keep going out. The old-timers will keep trying to teach. And somewhere on property that never had ticks for twenty-five years, someone will pull another one off a deer and think about what their grandfather would have said.
Probably something about how it couldn't happen. How the elevation and the winters wouldn't allow it.
Opening day, 2024. Sixty-four degrees at dawn. No deer moving. Three ticks on the one that someone else brought in. And a kid learning that his grandfather's expertise, forty years of accumulated knowledge about this specific property, these specific ridges and hollows, has become worthless faster than either of them can quite believe.
An old man who doesn't know what to teach his grandson anymore.
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New England's shrimp collapse: The Maine shrimp fishery has been under a decade-long moratorium due to warming oceans, with a 2025 sampling program allowing only 58,400 pounds of catch compared to over 10 million pounds annually in the early 2010s.
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Ski resorts' artificial snow dependence: While Killington reported 225 inches of snow by mid-March 2025, making it an "excellent" season, many New England ski areas now rely heavily on snowmaking equipment to compensate for inconsistent natural snowfall.
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Recreation economy at stake: Appalachia's travel and tourism industry generates over $4.5 billion in local tax revenue and employs more than 577,000 people, with West Virginia's recreation sector alone responsible for $660 million in tax revenue and 91,000 jobs.
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Fishermen as climate witnesses: Anglers possess specialized knowledge that can provide insights for adapting U.S. fisheries to account for climate change, with programs like eMOLT outfitting New England fishing boats with devices that collect water temperature and oxygen data.